Words: Shaun Havalotti

Water damage can wreak havoc on commercial properties, leading to significant financial losses and operational disruptions. Understanding the six main causes of water damage will help facility managers implement preventative measures, safeguard investments and ensure business continuity.

1. Plumbing and sprinkler system issues

One of the most common causes of water damage in commercial properties is plumbing and sprinkler system failure, often resulting from unnoticed leaks or damage to sprinkler heads. Corrosion from humidity in coastal areas and damage from freezing temperatures in colder regions exacerbate these issues.

Prevention tips:

• Conduct regular inspections and maintenance of plumbing and sprinkler systems.
• Monitor for signs of wear and tear, especially at connecting joints and elbows.
• Educate tenants and staff on how to avoid damaging sprinkler systems.

In the event of a plumbing or sprinkler failure, swift action is critical. Addressing one weak point may reveal other vulnerabilities, necessitating comprehensive repairs or repiping.

2. Roof leaks

Flat roofs on commercial buildings are susceptible to water pooling and leaks. Deferred maintenance often leads to water damage, as water infiltrates the building through the path of least resistance.

Prevention tips:

• Schedule regular professional roof inspections to identify and repair cracks and missing tiles.
• Ensure proper drainage to prevent water accumulation.
• If a roof leak occurs, take immediate action by covering the openings with tarps and beginning interior drying processes to prevent further damage and mould growth.

3. HVAC system failures

Heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, particularly those installed on rooftops, are prone to leaks if not properly maintained. Issues like condensation buildup and improperly closed fire dampers can cause significant water damage.

Prevention tips:

• Conduct regular HVAC system maintenance to check for leaks and ensure proper functioning of condensation drains.
• Keep filters clean and perform routine checks to prevent malfunctions.

4. Drainage problems

Clogged or malfunctioning drainage systems can lead to significant water damage. Proper landscaping practices and regular cleaning of gutters and downpipes will help ensure effective drainage.

Prevention tips:

• Regularly clean and inspect gutters, downpipes, and drainage systems.
• Implement proper landscaping and grading around the building to direct water away from the foundation.
• In areas with high water tables, more complex drainage systems and regular maintenance of French drains and pumps are necessary to manage excess water.

The Australian Building Codes Board provides guidelines on drainage systems for commercial properties, and it’s important to check local council regulations regarding stormwater management.

5. Appliance failures

Failures in appliances connected to waterlines — such as water heaters, dishwashers and refrigerators — are another common source of water damage. Regular maintenance can prevent many of these issues.

Prevention tips:

• Conduct routine inspections of hoses and fittings for signs of wear and corrosion.
• Replace damaged components promptly to prevent leaks.

In the event of an appliance failure, immediately shut off the water supply and begin extraction and drying procedures.

6. Sewer backups

Maintaining sewer lines — whether connected to a septic system or the broader sewerage network — is challenging. Backups can cause severe damage due to contaminated water.

Prevention tips:

• Establish a maintenance plan with a septic company based on usage and system capacity.
• Provide waste bins for items that frequently clog pipes.

In the event of a sewer backup, prioritise safety and use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) during cleanup. Follow hygiene and sanitation guidelines to prevent health hazards.

Consider advice from the Water Services Association of Australia (WSAA) on sewer maintenance and preventative care. Local councils also provide specific sewerage guidelines based on the region’s infrastructure.

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Proactive maintenance and emergency response

To minimise the risk of water damage, establish a proactive maintenance schedule covering all potential problem areas, including plumbing, roofing, HVAC systems, and appliances. Make sure your quarterly maintenance plan includes inspections of common points, foundational cracks, window caulking, and the roof.

If you see an emergency during an inspection:

• Immediately stop the source of water intrusion, such as by shutting off the water mains.
• Avoid direct contact with sewage water and call a professional cleanup company.
• Have an emergency response plan that includes contact information for electricians, plumbers, and HVAC technicians.
• Ensure the alarm system is functioning so you can respond quickly to a leak and avoid your property becoming uninhabitable.

Once you have removed the water, focus on repairing damaged materials and documenting the extent of the damage for insurance claims. Make sure you understand the details of your flood insurance coverage and its limits, and whether your area requires a special flooding policy.

Check the Insurance Council of Australia for guidance on flood insurance and specific policies, especially for areas prone to flooding.

Hiring certified water damage restoration professionals will also help ensure thorough insurance remediation, allowing you to make the necessary repairs so the commercial property can get back to business.

Photo by Johnny Brown on Unsplash

About the author:

Shawn Havalotti is the district manager of Northeast Florida for United Water Restoration Group. He has worked for the company for more than two years, and previously worked as an estimator for BELFOR Property Restoration for more than 11 years.